Difference between revisions of "4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamin"
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6PPD is not a persistent substance. It is expected to be rapidly photodegraded in air ([[half-life]] of 1 hour) and to be degraded in water by [[biotic]] and [[abiotic]] processes (half-life of 1 day). It has a low water solubility of 1 mg/l and because of its high tendency to [[adsorption|adsorb]] to organic matter, 6PPD is only present in the water at very low concentrations. Although 6PPD is usually associated to sediments, no information is available on its stability in this medium. Therefore, it cant be ruled out that 6PPD persists and accumulates is the sediments. Due to the low stability of 6PPD in aqueous media, it's expected, despite its high affinity for organic matter, unlikely to actually [[bioaccumulation|bioaccumulate]] in wild organisms or to [[biomagnification|biomagnify]] through [[food chain|food chains]]. | 6PPD is not a persistent substance. It is expected to be rapidly photodegraded in air ([[half-life]] of 1 hour) and to be degraded in water by [[biotic]] and [[abiotic]] processes (half-life of 1 day). It has a low water solubility of 1 mg/l and because of its high tendency to [[adsorption|adsorb]] to organic matter, 6PPD is only present in the water at very low concentrations. Although 6PPD is usually associated to sediments, no information is available on its stability in this medium. Therefore, it cant be ruled out that 6PPD persists and accumulates is the sediments. Due to the low stability of 6PPD in aqueous media, it's expected, despite its high affinity for organic matter, unlikely to actually [[bioaccumulation|bioaccumulate]] in wild organisms or to [[biomagnification|biomagnify]] through [[food chain|food chains]]. | ||
| − | Acute toxicity is caused by both 6PPD and, at a lower level, by degradation products. Concentrations of 0,028 mg/l of 6PPD might be acutely toxic for some fish species. Zooplankton can experience effects of 6PPD at concentrations above 0,05 mg/l, and high mortality at concentrations above 0,5 mg/l. In rats 6DPP only becomes acutely toxic when administered at concentrations above 3,58 g 6PPD per kg body weight. <ref>http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/finechem/6PPD.htm</ref> | + | Acute toxicity is caused by both 6PPD and, at a lower level, by degradation products. Concentrations of 0,028 mg/l of 6PPD might be acutely toxic for some fish species. Zooplankton can experience effects of 6PPD at concentrations above 0,05 mg/l, and high mortality at concentrations above 0,5 mg/l. In rats 6DPP only becomes acutely toxic when administered at concentrations above 3,58 g 6PPD per kg body weight. <ref>[http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/finechem/6PPD.htm http://chemicalland21.com 27 August 2009]</ref> |
Since exposure of 6PPD to the environment and transport to the sea is anticipated to be low, risks to marine organisms are expected to be negligible. Nevertheless, 6PPD is a high production volume chemical. This justifies a continuous attention towards this substance and its metabolites.<ref name = OECD>[http://www.ospar.org/documents%5Cdbase%5Cpublications%5CP00271_BD%20on%206PPD%20_2006%20version_.pdf OSPAR Commission, 2006: OSPAR background document on 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine (6PPD)]</ref> | Since exposure of 6PPD to the environment and transport to the sea is anticipated to be low, risks to marine organisms are expected to be negligible. Nevertheless, 6PPD is a high production volume chemical. This justifies a continuous attention towards this substance and its metabolites.<ref name = OECD>[http://www.ospar.org/documents%5Cdbase%5Cpublications%5CP00271_BD%20on%206PPD%20_2006%20version_.pdf OSPAR Commission, 2006: OSPAR background document on 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine (6PPD)]</ref> | ||
Revision as of 09:06, 27 August 2009
Definition of 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine (6PPD):
4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine is used in high production volumes as a protective agent (anti-ozonant and antioxidant) in the rubber industry. The main area of application is the tyre sector. As such, the main entry pathway of 6PPD to the environment is through tyre abrasion. At room temperature it appears as a brown solid. [1]
This is the common definition for 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine (6PPD), other definitions can be discussed in the article
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Notes
| 6PPD |
|---|
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| Formula |
| C18H24N2 |
Although the main area of use of 6PPD is the tyre sector, the chemical is also found in other consumer products, such as seals of pressure cookers. Production in 2001 was estimated at 130.000 tonnes per year of which 25.000 tonnes was produced in Europe (mainly Germany). 6PPD enters the environment mainly from the use and disposal of rubber products, but also in waste water from manufacturing, cleaning and recycling. From the surface of rubber products, 6PPD might enter rivers through rain and despite its low volatility, it might evaporate to the atmosphere. Until the 1990s tyres were deposited in dumps, which resulted in mass 6PPD leakage. Since then, tyres are increasingly recycled or incinerated, which reduces 6PDD emissions.[1]
6PPD is not a persistent substance. It is expected to be rapidly photodegraded in air (half-life of 1 hour) and to be degraded in water by biotic and abiotic processes (half-life of 1 day). It has a low water solubility of 1 mg/l and because of its high tendency to adsorb to organic matter, 6PPD is only present in the water at very low concentrations. Although 6PPD is usually associated to sediments, no information is available on its stability in this medium. Therefore, it cant be ruled out that 6PPD persists and accumulates is the sediments. Due to the low stability of 6PPD in aqueous media, it's expected, despite its high affinity for organic matter, unlikely to actually bioaccumulate in wild organisms or to biomagnify through food chains.
Acute toxicity is caused by both 6PPD and, at a lower level, by degradation products. Concentrations of 0,028 mg/l of 6PPD might be acutely toxic for some fish species. Zooplankton can experience effects of 6PPD at concentrations above 0,05 mg/l, and high mortality at concentrations above 0,5 mg/l. In rats 6DPP only becomes acutely toxic when administered at concentrations above 3,58 g 6PPD per kg body weight. [2]
Since exposure of 6PPD to the environment and transport to the sea is anticipated to be low, risks to marine organisms are expected to be negligible. Nevertheless, 6PPD is a high production volume chemical. This justifies a continuous attention towards this substance and its metabolites.[1]
Environmental standards and legislation
Included in the OSPAR list of substances of priority action
See also
OSPAR background document on 6PPD
