Difference between revisions of "4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamin"
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Although the main area of use of 6PPD is the tyre sector, the chemical is also found in other consumer products, such as seals of pressure cookers. Production in 2001 was estimated at 130.000 tonnes per year of which 25.000 tonnes was produced in Europe (Germany). 6PPD enters the environment mainly from the use and disposal of rubber products, but also in wastewater from manufacturing, cleaning and recycling. From the surface of rubber products, 6PPD might enter rivers through rain and despite its low volatility, it might evaporate to the atmosphere. Until the 1990s tyres were deposited in dumps, which resulted in mass 6PPD leakage. Since then, tyres are increasingly recycled or incinerated, which reduces 6PDD emissions.<ref name = OECD>[http://www.ospar.org/documents%5Cdbase%5Cpublications%5CP00271_BD%20on%206PPD%20_2006%20version_.pdf OSPAR Commission, 2006: OSPAR background document on 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine (6PPD)]</ref> | Although the main area of use of 6PPD is the tyre sector, the chemical is also found in other consumer products, such as seals of pressure cookers. Production in 2001 was estimated at 130.000 tonnes per year of which 25.000 tonnes was produced in Europe (Germany). 6PPD enters the environment mainly from the use and disposal of rubber products, but also in wastewater from manufacturing, cleaning and recycling. From the surface of rubber products, 6PPD might enter rivers through rain and despite its low volatility, it might evaporate to the atmosphere. Until the 1990s tyres were deposited in dumps, which resulted in mass 6PPD leakage. Since then, tyres are increasingly recycled or incinerated, which reduces 6PDD emissions.<ref name = OECD>[http://www.ospar.org/documents%5Cdbase%5Cpublications%5CP00271_BD%20on%206PPD%20_2006%20version_.pdf OSPAR Commission, 2006: OSPAR background document on 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine (6PPD)]</ref> | ||
| − | 6PPD is not a persistent substance. It is expected to be rapidly photodegraded in air and to be degraded in water by biotic and abiotic processes. Because of its high tendency to adsorb to organic matter, 6PPD is only at low concentrations present in the water. Although no information is available on the stability of in the sediments it's usually associated to this medium. Therefore, it cant be ruled out that 6PPD persists and accumulates is the sediments. Due to the low stability of 6PPD in aqueous media, it's expected, despite its high affinity for organic matter, unlikely to [[bioaccumulation|bioaccumulate]] | + | 6PPD is not a persistent substance. It is expected to be rapidly photodegraded in air and to be degraded in water by biotic and abiotic processes. Because of its high tendency to adsorb to organic matter, 6PPD is only at low concentrations present in the water. Although no information is available on the stability of in the sediments it's usually associated to this medium. Therefore, it cant be ruled out that 6PPD persists and accumulates is the sediments. Due to the low stability of 6PPD in aqueous media, it's expected, despite its high affinity for organic matter, unlikely to [[bioaccumulation|bioaccumulate]] or [[biomagnification|biomagnify]]. |
Acute toxicity is caused by both 6PPD and, at a lower level, by degradation products. Concentrations of 0,028 mg/l of 6PPD might be toxic for some fish species. Zooplankton can experience effects of 6PPD at concentrations above 0,05 mg/l, and high mortality at concentrations above 0,5 mg/l. In rats 6DPP only becomes toxic when administered at concentrations above 3,58 g 6PPD per kg body weight. <ref>http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/finechem/6PPD.htm</ref> | Acute toxicity is caused by both 6PPD and, at a lower level, by degradation products. Concentrations of 0,028 mg/l of 6PPD might be toxic for some fish species. Zooplankton can experience effects of 6PPD at concentrations above 0,05 mg/l, and high mortality at concentrations above 0,5 mg/l. In rats 6DPP only becomes toxic when administered at concentrations above 3,58 g 6PPD per kg body weight. <ref>http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/finechem/6PPD.htm</ref> | ||
Revision as of 11:05, 10 August 2009
Definition of 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine (6PPD):
4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine is an aromatic amine and is used in high production volumes as a protective agent (anti-ozonant and antioxidant) in the rubber industry. The main area of application is the tyre sector. As such, the main entry pathway of 6PPD to the environment is through tyre abrasion. [1]
This is the common definition for 4-(dimethylbutylamino)diphenylamine (6PPD), other definitions can be discussed in the article
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Notes
| 6PPD |
|---|
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| Formula |
| C18H24N2 |
Although the main area of use of 6PPD is the tyre sector, the chemical is also found in other consumer products, such as seals of pressure cookers. Production in 2001 was estimated at 130.000 tonnes per year of which 25.000 tonnes was produced in Europe (Germany). 6PPD enters the environment mainly from the use and disposal of rubber products, but also in wastewater from manufacturing, cleaning and recycling. From the surface of rubber products, 6PPD might enter rivers through rain and despite its low volatility, it might evaporate to the atmosphere. Until the 1990s tyres were deposited in dumps, which resulted in mass 6PPD leakage. Since then, tyres are increasingly recycled or incinerated, which reduces 6PDD emissions.[1]
6PPD is not a persistent substance. It is expected to be rapidly photodegraded in air and to be degraded in water by biotic and abiotic processes. Because of its high tendency to adsorb to organic matter, 6PPD is only at low concentrations present in the water. Although no information is available on the stability of in the sediments it's usually associated to this medium. Therefore, it cant be ruled out that 6PPD persists and accumulates is the sediments. Due to the low stability of 6PPD in aqueous media, it's expected, despite its high affinity for organic matter, unlikely to bioaccumulate or biomagnify.
Acute toxicity is caused by both 6PPD and, at a lower level, by degradation products. Concentrations of 0,028 mg/l of 6PPD might be toxic for some fish species. Zooplankton can experience effects of 6PPD at concentrations above 0,05 mg/l, and high mortality at concentrations above 0,5 mg/l. In rats 6DPP only becomes toxic when administered at concentrations above 3,58 g 6PPD per kg body weight. [2]
Since exposure of 6PPD to the environment and transport to the sea is anticipated to be low, risks to marine organisms are expected to be negligible. Nevertheless, 6PPD is a high production volume chemical. This justifies a continuous attention towards this substance and its metabolites.[1]
Environmental standards and legislation
Included in the OSPAR list of substances of priority action
See also
OSPAR background document on 6PPD
