Isoproturon
Definition of isoproturon:
Isoproturon is a selective, systemic herbicide used in the control of annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds in cereals[1]. Pure isoproturon occurs as colourless crystals which melt at 158°C. It's slightly soluble in water and polar organic solvents[2].
This is the common definition for isoproturon, other definitions can be discussed in the article
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Notes
| Isoproturon |
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| Formula |
| C12H18N2O |
Isoproturon mainly enters the environment during its application as an agricultural herbicide, but releases may also occur during manufacture, transportation and storage[2]. Isoproturon has a low tendency to adsorb to soils and is therefore quite able to enter in water bodies despite its rather low water solubility (70,2 mg/l). Its half-life in water is 30 days, in soils 40 days[3].
Due to its low affinity for organic matter it is not expected to have a high tendency towards bioaccumulation or biomagnification. Significant bioaccumulation might however occur in certain species[4].
Isoproturon is shown to be very toxic for algae and oysters which experience acute toxicity at concentrations above 13 µg/l and 370 µg/l respectively. Long term exposure to concentrations above 1 mg/l might affect the growth of fishes, acute toxicity occurs at concentrations above 18 mg/l[5].
In fresh water, concentrations of 0,125 µg/l have been recorded[3].
Environmental standards and legislation
Included in the water framework list of priority substances
References
- ↑ WHO 2003 chemical fact sheet
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 www.environment-agency.gov.uk August 18 2009
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 WHO 2003 Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality
- ↑ MERLIN Gerard, VUILLOD Maryline, LISSOLO Thierry, CLEMENT Bernard 2002 Fate and bioaccumulation of isoproturon in outdoor aquatic microcosms; Environmental toxicology and chemistry
- ↑ Review report for the active substance isoproturon, adopted December 7 2001
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