Ecosystem Approach to the South African hake fishery

Background

The application of the [Ecosystem Approach] to Marine Resources (EAMR) is a priority for the EUROCEANS network (see Fact Sheet 2). EAMR frameworks are adaptive, incremental and geographically specific. In this Fact Sheet we report on the implementation of the EAMR to the hake fishery off South Africa. The EAMR requires a sound scientific base to provide the means of assessing the ecosystem effects of fishing as well as the success of the various management strategies adopted in response to identified risks and effects. Ecological Risk Assessment was adopted in South Africa as a means of identifying and prioritising problems associated with selected fisheries in the Benguela region. To illustrate how South Africa is moving towards the EAMR from the basis of biological research, selected ecological issues raised for the demersal fishery for Cape hakes (Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus) are examined. The indicators required to address these issues are identified and the scientific research or monitoring studies necessary to inform these indicators are proposed. Biological or catch data are synthesised into useful indicators that enable changes and ecosystem responses to be followed in a manageable and formal way (e.g. through specific management measures). Technical management measures that may contribute to solving the issues are also suggested. This will contribute to a management strategy that optimises social and economic benefits without compromising the integrity and sustainability of the resource and its supporting ecosystem.