Difference between revisions of "Template:This weeks featured article"

From Coastal Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
(Human activities and nature conservation conflicts at the Kenyan coastline)
(Stability models)
Line 1: Line 1:
==Human activities and nature conservation conflicts at the Kenyan coastline==
+
==Stability models==
  
[[Image:kenya_fig1.jpg|thumb|250px|left|Figure 1: Map of SE Africa.]]
+
[[image:stability1.jpg|thumb|370px|Fig.1: Left (<math>\alpha>0</math>), all the solutions starting in a neighborhood of the equilibrium A (<math>x=0</math>) tend to A for <math>t \to \infty</math> while there are solutions starting arbitrarily near B (<math>x=x_c</math>) that do not tend to B. Therefore, A is stable whereas B is unstable. Right (<math>\alpha<0</math>), now the contrary occurs, the A and B have exchanged their roles. ]]
  
The Kenyan coastline is approximately 500 km long, with a well developed fringing reef system except where major rivers (Tana and Athi Sabaki) discharge into the Indian Ocean (Hamilton and Brakel, 1984).The coastal zone environment and its resources in the western Indian Ocean(WIO) region countries: Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Seychelles, Mauritius and Comoros play an important role in the economy of the people.
+
Coastal systems may self-organize at various length and time scales. Sand banks, sand waves both in the shelf and at the coastline, sand bars, tidal inlets, [[cusp]]s, cuspate forelands, spits (among others) are morphological features that are frequently dominated by self-organized processes. Stability models are the genuine tool to understand these processes and make predictions on the dynamics of those features.
  
Population growth, loss of social and community identity, lack of resources, hunger and poverty are the central problems of Kenyan coastal area. The development process has meant that effective and sustainable management is no longer feasible, despite the availability of resources.
+
The concepts of equilibrium and stability come from Classical Mechanics (see, for example, Arrowsmith and Place, 1992<ref>D. K. Arrowsmith and C. M. Place, 1992. "Dynamical Systems". Chapman and Hall/CRC.</ref>). A state where a system is in balance with the external forcing so that it does not change in time is called an '''equilibrium position'''. However, any equilibrium position may be either stable or unstable. If released near a '''stable''' equilibrium position, the system will evolve towards such a position. On the contrary, if released near an '''unstable''' equilibrium position, it will go far away from this position.

Revision as of 15:47, 20 October 2008

Stability models

Fig.1: Left ([math]\alpha\gt 0[/math]), all the solutions starting in a neighborhood of the equilibrium A ([math]x=0[/math]) tend to A for [math]t \to \infty[/math] while there are solutions starting arbitrarily near B ([math]x=x_c[/math]) that do not tend to B. Therefore, A is stable whereas B is unstable. Right ([math]\alpha\lt 0[/math]), now the contrary occurs, the A and B have exchanged their roles.

Coastal systems may self-organize at various length and time scales. Sand banks, sand waves both in the shelf and at the coastline, sand bars, tidal inlets, cusps, cuspate forelands, spits (among others) are morphological features that are frequently dominated by self-organized processes. Stability models are the genuine tool to understand these processes and make predictions on the dynamics of those features.

The concepts of equilibrium and stability come from Classical Mechanics (see, for example, Arrowsmith and Place, 1992[1]). A state where a system is in balance with the external forcing so that it does not change in time is called an equilibrium position. However, any equilibrium position may be either stable or unstable. If released near a stable equilibrium position, the system will evolve towards such a position. On the contrary, if released near an unstable equilibrium position, it will go far away from this position.
  1. D. K. Arrowsmith and C. M. Place, 1992. "Dynamical Systems". Chapman and Hall/CRC.