Difference between revisions of "Template:This weeks featured article"

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==Sampling tools for the marine environment==
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==Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management==
  
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[[Image:pelagic trawl1.jpg|right|pelagic trawl <ref name="maine" >http://www.usm.maine.edu/gulfofmaine-census/Docs/Technology/STPC.htm#bottomtraw</ref>|frame]]
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[[Image:estuary.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Coastal Ecosystems]]
  
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This article provides an overview of the sampling tools and fishing techniques used in the marine environment. These relate to species occuring on the sea surface, the water column and on the seabed.
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Coastal and marine environments are usually characterized by beautiful landscapes and rich ecosystems of great importance, offering elements such as rich biodiversity. They also attract human activities such as tourism and industrial uses. However, the co-existence of human activities and natural resources often creates conflicts of use in the coastal zone.  
  
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<ref name="maine" >http://www.usm.maine.edu/gulfofmaine-census/Docs/Technology/STPC.htm#bottomtraw</ref>All methods of physical capture are inherently selective. Small fish may pass through large-meshed nets; large fish may out-swim trawls; gill nets will catch fish mainly of a certain size range. Fish may react differently to fishing gear with respect to species, size, biological state, environmental conditions including ambient light and the acoustic noise field, among many other factors.
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Management policies are an important means of implementing planning in order to minimise, prevent or resolve use conflicts. The development of a coastal and marine spatial planning system presents an opportunity for the implementation of an overall strategy of conservation, sustainability and management to maximise future economic profit.
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<ref>Steele, J.H.; Thorpe, S.A.; Turekian, K.K. (Ed.). (2001). Encyclopedia of ocean    sciences. Academic Press: San Diego, CA (USA). 6 vol. p748-749</ref>|This is why organisms are subdivided out of practical necessity, in that the sampling approach and sample size that are appropriate for one group are often inappropriate for another.  The disparity in appropriate techniques for different sizes of groups of organisms has contributed greatly to the paucity of studies on more than one taxonomic grouping at a given locale.
 
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Unfortunately, where conflicting conclusions have been drawn patterns in different groups of organisms, it is rarely possible to know whether the patterns truly vary among groups or merely reflect differences in sampling efforts.
 
  
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The choice of a suitable sampler is a compromise between a variety of factors, as discussed in the article.
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This article briefly discusses spatial planning, integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) and a comparison between the two.

Revision as of 10:04, 25 August 2008

Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management

Coastal Ecosystems

Coastal and marine environments are usually characterized by beautiful landscapes and rich ecosystems of great importance, offering elements such as rich biodiversity. They also attract human activities such as tourism and industrial uses. However, the co-existence of human activities and natural resources often creates conflicts of use in the coastal zone.

Management policies are an important means of implementing planning in order to minimise, prevent or resolve use conflicts. The development of a coastal and marine spatial planning system presents an opportunity for the implementation of an overall strategy of conservation, sustainability and management to maximise future economic profit.


This article briefly discusses spatial planning, integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) and a comparison between the two.

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