Difference between revisions of "Isoproturon"
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Revision as of 09:33, 18 August 2009
Definition of isoproturon:
Isoproturon is a selective, systemic herbicide used in the control of annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds in cereals. [1] Pure isoproturon occurs as colourless crystals which melt a 158°C. It is slightly soluble in water and polar organic solvents[2].
This is the common definition for isoproturon, other definitions can be discussed in the article
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Notes
| Isoproturon |
|---|
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| Formula |
| C12H18N2O |
Isoproturon mainly enters the environment during its application as an agricultural herbicide, but releases may also occur during manufacture, transportation and storage. [2] Isoproturon has a low tendency to adsorb to soils and is therefore quite able to enter in water bodies although it has a rather low water solubility of 70.2 mg/l. In water; it takes about 30 days to half its concentration, while it takes about 40 days in soils. [3]
Due to its low affinity for organic matter it is not expected to have a high tendency towards bioaccumulation or biomagnification. Significant bioaccumulation might however occur in certain species. [4]
Isoproturon is shown to be very toxic for oysters which can die at concentrations above 370 µg/l. Algae are also very vulnerable and can start dying at concentrations above 13 µg/l. Long term exposure to concentrations above 1 mg/l might affect the growth of fishes, although they only start dying at concentrations above 18 mg/l. [5]
In fresh water concentrations of 0,125 µg/l have been recorded.[3]
Environmental standards and legislation
Included in the water framework list of priority substances
References
- ↑ WHO 2003 chemical fact sheet
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 www.environment-agency.gov.uk August 18 2009
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 WHO 2003 Background document for development of WHO Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality
- ↑ MERLIN Gerard, VUILLOD Maryline, LISSOLO Thierry, CLEMENT Bernard 2002 Fate and bioaccumulation of isoproturon in outdoor aquatic microcosms; Environmental toxicology and chemistry
- ↑ Review report for the active substance isoproturon, adopted December 7 2001
