Difference between revisions of "Women and social cohesion in coastal communities"

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===<span style="color:#3a75c4; Font-size: 130%">'''<small>Women and social cohesion in coastal communities</small>'''</span>===
 
===<span style="color:#3a75c4; Font-size: 130%">'''<small>Women and social cohesion in coastal communities</small>'''</span>===
  
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Worldwide, women play a range of roles in fisheries, making significant contributions to the industry. However, the role of women in European fisheries has largely remained unnoticed or under noticed by policy makers and the general public, in spite of their presence in all areas of the sector.  
+
Worldwide, women play a range of roles in fisheries, making significant contributions to the industry. However, the role of women in European fisheries has largely remained unnoticed, or under noticed, by policy makers and the general public, in spite of their presence in all areas of the sector.
  
−
The GIFS research on women and social cohesion in coastal fishing communities has identified activities very rich activities that require interconnectedness amongst people in towns. This interconnectedness acts as catalyst for positive change and cohesiveness in societies and supports the social fabric in the historical fishing towns of Arnemuiden (1) and Breskens (2) in the Netherlands; Concarneau (3)and Douarnenez (4) in France; Oostende (5) in Belgium and Newlyn (6); and Wells-next-the Sea (7) and Cromer (8) in England.
+
The GIFS research on women and social cohesion in coastal fishing communities has identified very rich activities that require interconnectedness between people in towns. This interconnectedness acts as a catalyst for positive change and cohesiveness in societies and supports the social fabric in the historic fishing towns of [[Arnemuiden_Women|Arnemuiden]] (1) and [[Breskens Women|Breskens]] (2) in the Netherlands; [[Concarneau-Le_Guilvinec_Women|Concarneau]] (3) and [[Douarnenez_Women|Douarnenez]] (4) in France; Flanders (5) in Belgium, [[Newlyn_Women|Newlyn]] (6), [[Wells-next-the Sea_Women|Wells-next-the Sea]] (7) and [[Cromer_Women|Cromer]] (8) in England.  
  
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The contribution of women to the social bonds in their fishing communities is found offshore as well as inshore, in roles such as:
+
During our research into the social and cultural values of fishing towns and communities we have identified the social, economic and cultural roles played by women and assessed their contribution to the sustainability of coastal communities. A total number of 105 interviews were carried out in the four countries (England: 29; France: 29; Belgium: 14; Netherlands: 33) in 2012 and 2013. Most (no=82,78%) of the interviewees were women but a number of men (no=23,22%) also participated in the study as partners, co-workers or managers of women. The majority of these participants were in the age groups of 25-50 (no=40,38%) and 51-65 (no=30,29%).
  
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:
+
The contribution of women to the social bonds in their fishing communities is found offshore as well as onshore, in roles such as (fish) catching [[File:catching.png|caption|link=]], trading [[File:trading.png|caption|link=]], processing [[File:processing.png|caption|link=]], tourism/heritage [[File:tourism.png|caption|link=]], education [[File:education.png|caption|link=]], policy [[File:policy.png|caption|link=]], household [[File:household.png|caption|link=]] and administration/management [[File:administration.png|caption|link=]].
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<gallery widths=60px heights=60px mode="nolines">
 
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Image:catching.png|''(fish) catching''
 
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Image:trading.png|''trading''
 
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Image:processing.png|''processing''
 
−
Image:tourism.png|''tourism/heritage''
 
−
Image:education.png|''education''
 
−
Image:policy.png|''policy''
 
−
Image:household.png|''household''
 
−
Image:administration.png|''administration/management''
 
−
</gallery>
 
  
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By playing an active role in these domains women contribute significantly to the cohesiveness and sustainability of fishing communities. Examples can be found in our interactive map. (Click and direct to map)
+
By playing an active role in these domains women contribute significantly to the cohesiveness and sustainability of fishing communities. Examples can be found on our interactive map and a ''full report'' on the research findings will provide an insight into women’s activities and roles within their fishing towns. It is intended to inform policy makers, academics, professionals and practitioners as well as the general public at the European, national and local levels.
  
−
During our research into the social and cultural values of fishing towns and communities we have identified the social, economic and cultural roles played by women and assessed their contribution to the sustainability of coastal communities. A full report on the findings of the research can be found in xxx. The document presented here provides an insight into women’s activities and roles within their fishing towns and is intended to inform policy makers, academics, professionals and practitioners as well as the general public at the European, national and local levels.  
+
===<span style="color:#3a75c4; Font-size: 130%">'''<small>Academic References</small>'''</span>===
 +
Abels, G., & Mushaben, J. M. (2012). Gendering the European Union. (G. Abels & J. M. Mushaben, Eds.) (p. 304). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1057/9780230353299
  
 +
AKTEA Response to the Green Paper “Reform of the Common Fisheries Policy” - aktea_en.pdf. (n.d.). Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/reform/docs/aktea_en.pdf Accessed May 13, 2013.
 +
 +
Alaluf, M. (1999). Séminaire: “Evolutions démographiques et rôle de la protection sociale: le concept de cohésion sociale” jeudi 16 septembre et vendredi 17 septembre 1999 Rapport final Mateo Alaluf. Brussels.
 +
 +
Allison, E.H. & Ellis, F., 2001. The livelihoods approach and management of small-scale fisheries. Marine Policy, 25(July), pp.377–388.
 +
 +
Arthur, R. et al., 2013. Fisheries and aquaculture and their potential roles in development: an assessment of the current evidence.
 +
Arts, W. & Halman, L. eds., 2014. Value Contrast and Consensus in Present-Day Europe,
 +
 +
Ballet, J., Dubois, J. and Mahieu, F. 2007. Responsability for each other’s freedom: agency as the source of collective capability, Journal of Human Development, vol. 8, no. 2, 185–201 In: Lanzi, D., 2011. Capabilities and social cohesion. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 35(6), pp.1087–1101.
 +
 +
Binkley, M. et al., 2005. Changing Tides Gender, Fisheries and Globalization M. Binkley et al., eds., Winnipeg, Manitoba.
 +
 +
Binkley, M., 2002. Set Adrift: Fishing Families, University of Toronto Press.
 +
 +
Brandth, B. (2002). Gender Identity in European Family Farming: A Literature Review. Sociologia Ruralis, 42(3), 181–200. doi:10.1111/1467-9523.00210
 +
 +
Britton, E., 2012. Women as agents of wellbeing in Northern Ireland’s fishing households. Maritime Studies, 11(1), p.16.
 +
 +
Brookfield, K., Gray, T. & Hatchard, J., 2005. The concept of fisheries-dependent communities. Fisheries Research, 72(1), pp.55–69.
 +
 +
Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), 2012. Gender in Fisheries : A Future Roadmap,
 +
 +
Cirujano, P. & Sevilla, B., 2007. Género y políticas de cohesión social Conceptos y experiencias.
 +
 +
Clay, P. & Olson, J., 2008. Defining “Fishing Communities”: Vulnerability and the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act. Human Ecology Review, 15(2), pp.143–160.
 +
 +
Clay, P. M., & Olson, J. (2008). Defining Fishing Communities: Issues. In Theory and Practice. NAPA, 28(1), 27–42. doi:10.1525/napa.2007.28.1.27.napa
 +
 +
Clover, B., 2005. Loving the Fishing? Perspectives on the Lives of Women of the Hastings Fishing Community O. H. P. Society, ed., Hastings: The Fishermen’s Museum.
 +
 +
Coleman, James S. & Coleman, James Samuel, 1994. Foundations of Social Theory, Harvard University Press.
 +
 +
Communication from the commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European economic and social Committee and the Committee of the regions. (2010). Strategy for equality between women and men 2010-2015. Brussels.
 +
 +
Coulthard, S., Johnson, D. & McGregor, J.A., 2011. Poverty, sustainability and human wellbeing: A social wellbeing approach to the global fisheries crisis. Global Environmental Change, 21(2), pp.453–463.
 +
 +
Council of Europe, 2008. Well-being for all Concepts and Tools for Social Cohesion. Trends in Social Cohesion, (20).
 +
 +
Council of Europe. (2005). Concerted Development of Social Cohesion Indicators, Methodological guide (p. 232).
 +
 +
Derbyshire, H., 2002. Gender Manual: A Practical Guide for Development Policy Makers and Practitioners, London.
 +
 +
Dobbernack, J., 2014. The politics of cohesion in France, Germany and the United Kingdom, Palgrave Macmillan. (Unpublished)
 +
 +
Dragojevic, Sanjin (2001) Social cohesion and culture: Contrasting some European and Canadian approaches and experiences. Introduction. Culturelink, 33, 127-128 In: Jenson, J., 2002. Identifying the Links : Social Cohesion and Culture. Canadian Journal of Communication, 27(2).
 +
 +
Durkheim, É., The Division of Labor in Society, 1893. Reprinted and edited with the permission of The Free Press, a Division of Simon & Schuster Inc. translated by George Simpson.
 +
 +
Elizabeth Bennett, 2005, Gender, fisheries and development, In  Marine Policy, Volume 29, Issue 5, September, Pages 451–459.
 +
 +
European Commission, A Diagnose of the EU Fisheries Sector, 2010, Pages 1-34.
 +
 +
European Commission, Directorate-General for Fisheries July 2003, “Fishing in Europe-women in fisheries: an unnoticed role”, No 17, Pages 1-11.
 +
 +
European Parliament Committee on Fisheries, 2014. Specific Actions in the Common Fishery Policy for Developing the Role of Women.
 +
 +
European Parliament, 2011. Characteristics of Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries in Europe, Brussels.
 +
 +
European Parliament, Directorate-General for Internal Policies, 2011Characteristics of Small-scale Coastal Fisheries in Europe, Pages 1-162.
 +
 +
Eurostat 2010-2011, 2012. Eurostat Pocketbooks: Agriculture, fishery and forestry statistics 2010-2011.
 +
 +
FAO, 2007. Gender policies for responsible fisheries -Policies to support gender equality and livelihoods in small-scale fisheries. New Directions in Fisheries -A Series of Policy Briefs on Development Issues, No. 06. Rome, p.8.
 +
 +
Forrest, R. & Kearns, A., 2001. Social Cohesion, Social Capital and the Neighbourhood. Urban Studies, 38(12), pp.2125–2143.
 +
Frangoudes, K., 2013. Women in Fisheries: A European Perspective.
 +
 +
Frangoudes, K., Carrol, M., Holmyard, N., Marcianiak, B., Cristina, M., Pascual-Fernandez, J., Marugan Pintos, B., et al. (2008). The role of women in the sustainable development of European fisheries areas, Pages 1- 82.
 +
 +
Friesen, J., 2003. Communities and Economic Prosperity: Exploring the Links. In L. Osber, ed. The Economic Implications of Social Cohesion. pp. 183–212.
 +
 +
Gallizioli, G., 2014. The Social Dimensions of the Common Fisheries Policy: A Review of Current Measures. In J. Urquhart et al., eds. Social Issues in Sustainable Fisheries Management. pp. 65–78.
 +
 +
Gerrard, S., 2000. The Gender Dimension of Local Festivals: The Fishery Crisis and Women’s and Men’s Political Actions in North Norwegian Communities. , 23(3), pp.299–309.
 +
 +
Gopal, N., Ashok, A., Jeyanthi, P., Srinivasa Gopal, T. ., & Meenakumari, B. (2012). Gender in Fisheries : A Future Roadmap (p. 38).
 +
Greenwich Maritime Institute-IRIS Consulting, Women in Fisheries Final Report, 30th April 2010.
 +
 +
Guyader Olivier, Berthou Patrick, Koustikopoulos C., Alban Frederique, Demaneche Sebastien, Gaspar M, Eschbaum R, Fahy E, Tully O, Reynal Lionel, Albert A (2007). Small-scale coastal fisheries in Europe. Final report. http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6348/
 +
 +
Harper, S. Zeller, D; Hauzer M; Pauly D and Sumaila U, 2013. Women and fisheries : Contribution to food security and local economies. Marine Policy, 39, pp.56–63.
 +
 +
Henichart, L.-M., Morgan, R. & Lesueur, M., 2012. Diversification of fisheries activities in the Channel.
 +
 +
Holmyard, N., 2006. Unclassified Expert Meeting on the Human Side of Fisheries Adjustment- The real cost of diminishing fishing effort in the EU. , pp.1–14.
 +
 +
International Collective in Support of Fisher Workers, Fishing for Women, Yemaya publication, No9, April 2002.
 +
 +
Jamieson, L., Munrro, G., & Maud, P. (2009). Social Change in Scottish Fishing Communities: A Brief Literature Review and Annotated Bibliography - 0084016.pdf. Scottish Government Social Research.
 +
 +
Katia Frangoudes, 2011, “Women’s contribution in small-scale fisheries in the European Union”, World Small-Scale Fisheries Contemporary Visions, Ratana Chuepagdee, Pages 101-115.
 +
 +
Keromnes, E. (2007). Evaluation de la Contribution des Conjointes aux Entreprises de Pêche Artisanales en Bretagne. Université de Bretagne Occidentale.
 +
 +
Lim, C Edging UP the Ladder: The Women in Ban Thung Maha, Thailand  pp 93-101 in Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue, 2012. Gender in Aquaculture and Fisheries : Moving the Agenda Forward. Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue, 25S, p.276.
 +
 +
Lim, C., Ito, Y., & Matsuda, Y. (2012). Gender in Aquaculture and Fisheries : Moving the Agenda Forward. Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue, 25S, 276.
 +
 +
MacAlister, E., 2002. The Role of Women in the Fisheries Sector. Final Report. 1443/R.03/C. Brussels: EC/DG Fisheries.
 +
 +
Meryl J Williams, S B Williams, Poh-Sze Choo, 2002, From Women in Fisheries to Gender and fisheries, Issue: Ostergaard 1992, Publisher: The WorldFish Centre, Pages: 13-18.
 +
 +
Mikalsen, K. H., & Jentoft, S. (2008). Participatory practices in fisheries across Europe: Making stakeholders more responsible. Marine Policy, 32(2), 169–177. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2007.09.003.
 +
 +
Nadel-klein, J., 2003. Fisher Lassier: Gender, Stereotypes and Marginality. In Fishing for Heritage. pp. 51–92.
 +
 +
Nayak, N, Fishing for Need and not for Greed in Binkley, M. et al.,eds. 2005. Changing tides gender, fisheries and globalization.  pp. 32-47.
 +
 +
OECD, 2011. Perspectives on Global Development 2012: Social Cohesion in a Shifting World.
 +
 +
Putnam, R., 2000. Bowling Alone, New York: Simon & Schuster.
 +
 +
Rai, S; Thilsted, S; Shrestha, M; Wahab,  A and Gharti, K , Improvement of Women’s Livelihoods, Income and Nutrition through Carp-SIS-Prown Polyculture in Terai, Nepal pp217-225 in Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue, 2012. Gender in Aquaculture and Fisheries : Moving the Agenda Forward. Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue, 25S, p.276.
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Ramachandran, C. “A Sea of One’s Own!” A Perspective on Gendered Political Ecology in Indian Mariculture, Gender in Aquaculture and Fisheries: Moving the Agenda Forward, Asian Fisheries Science special Issue Vol.25S (2012) Pages 17-28.
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Rana, K., & Choo, P.  (2002). Women in fisheries in the European Union.
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Reed, M., Courtney, P., Authors, C., Janet, P., Griffiths, B., Jones, O., Lewis, N., et al. (2011). The Social Impacts of England ’ s Inshore Fishing Industry : Executive Summary The Social Impacts of England ’ s Inshore Fishing Industry Executive Summary (pp. 1–8).
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Salz, P., Buisman, E., Smit, J., & De vos, B. (2006). Employment in the fisheries sector : current situation.(pp. 1–185).
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Shanthi, B;  Krishnan, M and Ponniah A.G Successful Women Entrepreneurs in Aquaculture: Case Studies from Tamil Nadu, India. pp 177-185 in Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue, 2012. Gender in Aquaculture and Fisheries : Moving the Agenda Forward. Asian Fisheries Science Special Issue, 25S, p.276.
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SKAPTADÓTTIR, U. D. (1996). Gender Construction and Diversity in Icelandic Fishing Communities. Anthropological, 2(38), 271–287.
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Stanley, D. & Smeltzer, S., 2003. Many Happy Returns: How Social Cohesion Attracts Investment. In The Economic Implications of Social Cohesion.
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Thompson, P. (1985). Women in the Fishing : The Roots of Power Between the Sexes. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 27(01), 3–32.
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Thomson, P., Wailey, T., & Lummis, T. (1983). Living the Fishing (p. 398). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
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Whittome, C., & Morris, D. (2012). The Last Hunters, the Crab Fishermen of Cromer. (p. 214). Full Circle Editions.
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Zhao, M. et al., 2013. Women as visible and invisible workers in fisheries: A case study of Northern England. Marine Policy, 37, pp.69–76.
  
 
{{GIFS}}
 
{{GIFS}}
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[[category:socio-cultural]]

Latest revision as of 11:34, 28 November 2014

Women and social cohesion in coastal communities

Worldwide, women play a range of roles in fisheries, making significant contributions to the industry. However, the role of women in European fisheries has largely remained unnoticed, or under noticed, by policy makers and the general public, in spite of their presence in all areas of the sector.

The GIFS research on women and social cohesion in coastal fishing communities has identified very rich activities that require interconnectedness between people in towns. This interconnectedness acts as a catalyst for positive change and cohesiveness in societies and supports the social fabric in the historic fishing towns of Arnemuiden (1) and Breskens (2) in the Netherlands; Concarneau (3) and Douarnenez (4) in France; Flanders (5) in Belgium, Newlyn (6), Wells-next-the Sea (7) and Cromer (8) in England.

During our research into the social and cultural values of fishing towns and communities we have identified the social, economic and cultural roles played by women and assessed their contribution to the sustainability of coastal communities. A total number of 105 interviews were carried out in the four countries (England: 29; France: 29; Belgium: 14; Netherlands: 33) in 2012 and 2013. Most (no=82,78%) of the interviewees were women but a number of men (no=23,22%) also participated in the study as partners, co-workers or managers of women. The majority of these participants were in the age groups of 25-50 (no=40,38%) and 51-65 (no=30,29%).

The contribution of women to the social bonds in their fishing communities is found offshore as well as onshore, in roles such as (fish) catching caption, trading caption, processing caption, tourism/heritage caption, education caption, policy caption, household caption and administration/management caption.

By playing an active role in these domains women contribute significantly to the cohesiveness and sustainability of fishing communities. Examples can be found on our interactive map and a full report on the research findings will provide an insight into women’s activities and roles within their fishing towns. It is intended to inform policy makers, academics, professionals and practitioners as well as the general public at the European, national and local levels.

Academic References

Abels, G., & Mushaben, J. M. (2012). Gendering the European Union. (G. Abels & J. M. Mushaben, Eds.) (p. 304). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1057/9780230353299

AKTEA Response to the Green Paper “Reform of the Common Fisheries Policy” - aktea_en.pdf. (n.d.). Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/reform/docs/aktea_en.pdf Accessed May 13, 2013.

Alaluf, M. (1999). Séminaire: “Evolutions démographiques et rôle de la protection sociale: le concept de cohésion sociale” jeudi 16 septembre et vendredi 17 septembre 1999 Rapport final Mateo Alaluf. Brussels.

Allison, E.H. & Ellis, F., 2001. The livelihoods approach and management of small-scale fisheries. Marine Policy, 25(July), pp.377–388.

Arthur, R. et al., 2013. Fisheries and aquaculture and their potential roles in development: an assessment of the current evidence. Arts, W. & Halman, L. eds., 2014. Value Contrast and Consensus in Present-Day Europe,

Ballet, J., Dubois, J. and Mahieu, F. 2007. Responsability for each other’s freedom: agency as the source of collective capability, Journal of Human Development, vol. 8, no. 2, 185–201 In: Lanzi, D., 2011. Capabilities and social cohesion. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 35(6), pp.1087–1101.

Binkley, M. et al., 2005. Changing Tides Gender, Fisheries and Globalization M. Binkley et al., eds., Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Binkley, M., 2002. Set Adrift: Fishing Families, University of Toronto Press.

Brandth, B. (2002). Gender Identity in European Family Farming: A Literature Review. Sociologia Ruralis, 42(3), 181–200. doi:10.1111/1467-9523.00210

Britton, E., 2012. Women as agents of wellbeing in Northern Ireland’s fishing households. Maritime Studies, 11(1), p.16.

Brookfield, K., Gray, T. & Hatchard, J., 2005. The concept of fisheries-dependent communities. Fisheries Research, 72(1), pp.55–69.

Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT), 2012. Gender in Fisheries : A Future Roadmap,

Cirujano, P. & Sevilla, B., 2007. Género y políticas de cohesión social Conceptos y experiencias.

Clay, P. & Olson, J., 2008. Defining “Fishing Communities”: Vulnerability and the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act. Human Ecology Review, 15(2), pp.143–160.

Clay, P. M., & Olson, J. (2008). Defining Fishing Communities: Issues. In Theory and Practice. NAPA, 28(1), 27–42. doi:10.1525/napa.2007.28.1.27.napa

Clover, B., 2005. Loving the Fishing? Perspectives on the Lives of Women of the Hastings Fishing Community O. H. P. Society, ed., Hastings: The Fishermen’s Museum.

Coleman, James S. & Coleman, James Samuel, 1994. Foundations of Social Theory, Harvard University Press.

Communication from the commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European economic and social Committee and the Committee of the regions. (2010). Strategy for equality between women and men 2010-2015. Brussels.

Coulthard, S., Johnson, D. & McGregor, J.A., 2011. Poverty, sustainability and human wellbeing: A social wellbeing approach to the global fisheries crisis. Global Environmental Change, 21(2), pp.453–463.

Council of Europe, 2008. Well-being for all Concepts and Tools for Social Cohesion. Trends in Social Cohesion, (20).

Council of Europe. (2005). Concerted Development of Social Cohesion Indicators, Methodological guide (p. 232).

Derbyshire, H., 2002. Gender Manual: A Practical Guide for Development Policy Makers and Practitioners, London.

Dobbernack, J., 2014. The politics of cohesion in France, Germany and the United Kingdom, Palgrave Macmillan. (Unpublished)

Dragojevic, Sanjin (2001) Social cohesion and culture: Contrasting some European and Canadian approaches and experiences. Introduction. Culturelink, 33, 127-128 In: Jenson, J., 2002. Identifying the Links : Social Cohesion and Culture. Canadian Journal of Communication, 27(2).

Durkheim, É., The Division of Labor in Society, 1893. Reprinted and edited with the permission of The Free Press, a Division of Simon & Schuster Inc. translated by George Simpson.

Elizabeth Bennett, 2005, Gender, fisheries and development, In Marine Policy, Volume 29, Issue 5, September, Pages 451–459.

European Commission, A Diagnose of the EU Fisheries Sector, 2010, Pages 1-34.

European Commission, Directorate-General for Fisheries July 2003, “Fishing in Europe-women in fisheries: an unnoticed role”, No 17, Pages 1-11.

European Parliament Committee on Fisheries, 2014. Specific Actions in the Common Fishery Policy for Developing the Role of Women.

European Parliament, 2011. Characteristics of Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries in Europe, Brussels.

European Parliament, Directorate-General for Internal Policies, 2011Characteristics of Small-scale Coastal Fisheries in Europe, Pages 1-162.

Eurostat 2010-2011, 2012. Eurostat Pocketbooks: Agriculture, fishery and forestry statistics 2010-2011.

FAO, 2007. Gender policies for responsible fisheries -Policies to support gender equality and livelihoods in small-scale fisheries. New Directions in Fisheries -A Series of Policy Briefs on Development Issues, No. 06. Rome, p.8.

Forrest, R. & Kearns, A., 2001. Social Cohesion, Social Capital and the Neighbourhood. Urban Studies, 38(12), pp.2125–2143. Frangoudes, K., 2013. Women in Fisheries: A European Perspective.

Frangoudes, K., Carrol, M., Holmyard, N., Marcianiak, B., Cristina, M., Pascual-Fernandez, J., Marugan Pintos, B., et al. (2008). The role of women in the sustainable development of European fisheries areas, Pages 1- 82.

Friesen, J., 2003. Communities and Economic Prosperity: Exploring the Links. In L. Osber, ed. The Economic Implications of Social Cohesion. pp. 183–212.

Gallizioli, G., 2014. The Social Dimensions of the Common Fisheries Policy: A Review of Current Measures. In J. Urquhart et al., eds. Social Issues in Sustainable Fisheries Management. pp. 65–78.

Gerrard, S., 2000. The Gender Dimension of Local Festivals: The Fishery Crisis and Women’s and Men’s Political Actions in North Norwegian Communities. , 23(3), pp.299–309.

Gopal, N., Ashok, A., Jeyanthi, P., Srinivasa Gopal, T. ., & Meenakumari, B. (2012). Gender in Fisheries : A Future Roadmap (p. 38). Greenwich Maritime Institute-IRIS Consulting, Women in Fisheries Final Report, 30th April 2010.

Guyader Olivier, Berthou Patrick, Koustikopoulos C., Alban Frederique, Demaneche Sebastien, Gaspar M, Eschbaum R, Fahy E, Tully O, Reynal Lionel, Albert A (2007). Small-scale coastal fisheries in Europe. Final report. http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/6348/

Harper, S. Zeller, D; Hauzer M; Pauly D and Sumaila U, 2013. Women and fisheries : Contribution to food security and local economies. Marine Policy, 39, pp.56–63.

Henichart, L.-M., Morgan, R. & Lesueur, M., 2012. Diversification of fisheries activities in the Channel.

Holmyard, N., 2006. Unclassified Expert Meeting on the Human Side of Fisheries Adjustment- The real cost of diminishing fishing effort in the EU. , pp.1–14.

International Collective in Support of Fisher Workers, Fishing for Women, Yemaya publication, No9, April 2002.

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