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==Optical measurements in coastal waters==
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<div style="float:right; margin-left:10px; margin-top:5px">[[File:Compendiumcoastandsea.jpg|160px|right|link=Compendium for Coast and Sea - creating a marine science-policy interface]]</div>
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'''Compendium for Coast and Sea - creating a marine science-policy interface'''
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This article gives an introduction of the instruments available (and the application of these instruments) to measure optical properties in coastal waters. Attention is paid to optical measurements in general, regional characteristics and implications for [[remote sensing]].  
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The Compendium for Coast and Sea is an integrated knowledge document about the socio-economic, environmental and institutional aspects of the coast and sea in Flanders and Belgium. As such, it constitutes a one-stop shop for data and information from the Flemish and Belgian marine and maritime research community and experts. The Compendium for Coast and Sea is an initiative of the Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) and was developed in close collaboration with experts from the research community, government, industry and civil society organisations. The first version of the Compendium was launched in 2013, a second edition was presented in 2015.
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Optical measuments using satellite and airborne sensors is a powerful, operational tool for monitoring [[coastal zone]]s. This technology can provide accurate, large-scale, synoptic environmental information essential for understanding and managing marine [[ecosystems]].
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Optical sensor data allows the assessment of in-water properties, such as suspended matter or [[phytoplankton]] concentration, [[benthic]] substrate type, vegetation composition, and [[bathymetry]]. Optical sampling methods enable for example the continuous and contactless measurement of sediment concentrations, which is an important advantage compared to the mechanical sampling methods.
 
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Optical characteristics of a light-transmitting medium can be specified in terms of its inherent optical properties (IOPs). The main IOPs are:
 
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* the absorption coefficient (a) (m<sup>-1</sup>)
 
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* the scattering coefficient (b) (m<sup>-1</sup>)
 
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* the attenuation coefficient (c), with c = a + b (m<sup>-1</sup>)
 
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* the scattering phase function (&beta;) (sr<sup>-1</sup>)
 
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The total IOPs of a body of seawater can be considered as the sum of the partial contributions from water itself and a number of optically significant constituents. Four classes of constituents can be distinguished:
 
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#[[Phytoplankton]] cells and colonies (Phyt)
 
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#Mineral suspended solids (MSS)
 
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#Coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM)
 
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#Organic suspended solids or [[detritus]] (OSS)
 

Latest revision as of 14:52, 8 April 2016

Compendiumcoastandsea.jpg

Compendium for Coast and Sea - creating a marine science-policy interface


The Compendium for Coast and Sea is an integrated knowledge document about the socio-economic, environmental and institutional aspects of the coast and sea in Flanders and Belgium. As such, it constitutes a one-stop shop for data and information from the Flemish and Belgian marine and maritime research community and experts. The Compendium for Coast and Sea is an initiative of the Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ) and was developed in close collaboration with experts from the research community, government, industry and civil society organisations. The first version of the Compendium was launched in 2013, a second edition was presented in 2015.

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