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| − | ==Introduction==
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| − | Optical measuments using satellite and airborne sensors is a powerful, operational tool for monitoring [[coastal zones]]. This technology can provide accurate, large-scale, synoptic environmental information essential for understanding and managing marine [[ecosystems]].
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| − | Optical multi- or hyperspectral sensor data allows the assessment of in-water properties, such as suspended matter or phytoplankton concentration, benthic substrate type, vegetation composition, and [[bathymetry]] in (optically-)shallow waters. Optical sampling methods enable the continuous and contactless measurement of sediment concentrations, which is an important advantage compared to the mechanical sampling methods. Although based on different physical phenomena, optical and acoustical sampling methods are very similar in a macroscopic sense.
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